A jaw crusher is a primary crushing machine used in mining, construction, and recycling industries to break down large rocks into smaller pieces. It operates by compressing the material between two jaws—one fixed and one moving.
Main Parts of a Jaw Crusher:
1. Fixed Jaw (Stationary Die)
– The immovable part of the crusher where the rock is crushed.
– Made of high manganese steel for durability.
2. Movable Jaw (Swing Jaw)
– Moves back and forth against the fixed jaw, applying pressure to crush the material.
– Also made of wear-resistant manganese steel.
3. Toggle Plate
– A safety mechanism that protects the crusher from damage if an uncrushable material enters.
– Acts as a weak link that breaks if excessive force is applied.
4. Eccentric Shaft
– Rotates to create the up-and-down motion of the movable jaw.
– Connected to a motor via belts or direct drive.
5. Flywheel
– Stores energy to maintain consistent crushing motion and reduce power fluctuations.
6. Cheek Plates (Side Liners)
– Protective plates on the sides of the crusher frame to prevent wear from rock abrasion.
7. Adjustment Mechanism
– Allows setting the gap between the jaws to control output size (closed-side setting).
8. Pitman (Moving Jaw Support Arm)
– Connects the eccentric shaft to the movable jaw, transferring motion.
9. Frame
– Heavy-duty structure that houses all components and withstands crushing forces.
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Working Principle of a Jaw Crusher:
1. Feed Opening: Rocks enter through the top opening between the jaws.
2. Compression: The movable jaw moves towards the fixed jaw, crushing the rock by compression.
3. Discharge: Crushed material exits through the bottom gap (discharge opening), which can be adjusted for different sizes.
4. Return Stroke: The movable jaw moves back, allowing new material to enter for further crushing.
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Types of Jaw Crushers:
– Single Toggle Jaw Crusher: Simpler design with only one toggle plate; more efficient for softer materials.
– Double Toggle Jaw Crusher: Uses two toggle p.jpg)
es for higher crushing force; better for hard and abrasive materials.
Applications:
– Mining (ore crushing)
– Qu