Smooth roll crushers are a type of compression crusher used for reducing materials like coal, coke, glass, ceramics, and other friable materials in industries such as mining, cement, and chemical processing. The structure of smooth roll crushers consists of several key components:
1. Main Frame (Base Structure)
– Provides structural support for all components.
– Made of heavy-duty steel to withstand crushing forces.
2. Rollers (Crushing Rolls)
– Two parallel cylindrical rolls rotate in opposite directions.
– Made of high-strength alloy steel with smooth surfaces.
– One roll is fixed, while the other is adjustable to control the gap (crushing size).
3. Drive Mechanism
– Motor: Powers the crusher (electric or hydraulic).
– Gearbox & Belts/Pulleys: Transmit power to the rolls.
– Couplings: Connect motor to gearbox and rolls.
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4. Adjusting Mechanism
– Allows adjustment of the gap between rolls to control product size.
– Uses springs or hydraulic systems to maintain pressure and protect against overloads.
5. Feeding System
– A hopper or chute directs material into the crushing zone between the rolls.
– Ensures even distribution for efficient crushing.
6. Discharge Chute
– Collects crushed material after passing through the rollers.
7. Safety Devices
– Overload protection (shear pins or hydraulic relief systems).
– Emergency stop mechanisms for operator safety.
Working Principle:
1. Material is fed into the gap between the two rotating rolls.
2. The rolls compress and crush the material by applying high pressure until it breaks into smaller pieces.
3. Crushed material exits through the discharge chute at the bottom.
Advantages of Smooth Roll Crushers:
– Produces uniform particle size with minimal fines.
– Low maintenance due to simple design.
– Suitable for soft to medium-hard materials.
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