Mining loading and hauling equipment are essential for the efficient extraction and transportation of materials in mining operations. These machines are designed to handle large volumes of rock, ore, and overburden in open-pit and underground mines. Below is an overview of key equipment used in loading and hauling:
1. Loading Equipment
Used to excavate and load mined material onto haul trucks or conveyors.
# A. Hydraulic Excavators (Shovels)
– Types: Electric rope shovels, hydraulic excavators (front shovels).
– Capacity: 10–100+ cubic meters per bucket.
– Applications: Large-scale open-pit mining (coal, copper, iron ore).
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# B. Wheel Loaders
– Types: Front-end loaders, high-capacity wheel loaders.
– Capacity: 5–50 cubic meters per bucket.
– Applications: Loading loose material into trucks or stockpiles.
# C. Draglines
– Features: Massive machines with long booms and buckets dragged along the ground.
– Capacity: Up to 120 cubic meters per bucket.
– Applications: Overburden removal in coal mining.
# D. Continuous Miners (Underground)
– Features: Automated cutting and loading system for coal/soft rock mining.
2. Hauling Equipment
Used to transport mined material from the pit to processing plants or waste dumps.
# A. Haul Trucks (Dump Trucks)
– Types: Rigid frame (e.g., Caterpillar 797F), articulated (e.g., Volvo A60H).
– Capacity: 40–400+ tons payload.
– Power Source: Diesel-electric or fully electric (Trolley-assist).
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# B. Off-Highway Trucks
– Designed for rugged terrain with high payload capacities (e.g., Komatsu 930E – 320 tons).
# C. Underground Haulage
– LHD Loaders (Load-Haul-Dump): Scoop material and dump into trucks or conveyors (e.g., Sandvik LH621).
– Underground Dump Trucks: Smaller, articulated trucks for confined spaces (e.g., Caterpillar AD63).
# D. Conveyor Systems
– Belt convey